To which operations do the mining laws of a state apply?

The mining laws of a state apply to all mining operations for safety purposes because these regulations are established to ensure the safety and health of workers, as well as to protect the environment in which mining takes place. Mining laws encompass both underground and surface mining operations, recognizing that hazards can occur regardless of the type of mining being conducted. This comprehensive approach is necessary because various operations can present unique challenges and risks that need regulation. By applying to all mining operations, the laws promote consistent safety standards and practices across the industry, aiming to minimize accidents and ensure the welfare of employees and the surrounding communities. This holistic application underlines the importance of safety in all forms of mining, not just one specific method.